Global AI lawAI guidance in force (19 December 2023) — a ministerial circular, not binding law

AI Laws in Indonesia

Indonesia's artificial-intelligence instrument is Surat Edaran Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 9 Tahun 2023, promulgated on 19 December 2023 and catalogued by the ministry's own legal documentation service under the subject heading ETIKA - KECERDASAN ARTIFISIAL. ⚠️ A Surat Edaran is a CIRCULAR: it is ministerial guidance addressed, in its own opening words, to AI-based programming businesses and to public- and private-scope electronic system operators. It is not an act of parliament, it creates no offence, and treating it as Indonesia's AI law would overstate what the country has enacted. The binding layer underneath it is the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 as amended by Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024, together with the ministerial regulations made under it and Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 on risk-based business licensing, which is the route through which an AI service is authorised to operate at all. Every date and instrument number above is read from the structured metadata block the ministry publishes on each document. ⚠️ One limit worth stating: the national JDIH network and peraturan.go.id are unreachable from this pipeline, so what is tracked here is the Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs' own shelf. Instruments issued by other Indonesian regulators — the financial services authority among them — are not covered by this feed.